The eLignin Microbial Database

A curated resource for microbial metabolism of lignin-derived aromatic compounds

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ferulic acid

Compound Overview

Name ferulic acid
IUPAC Name (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Formula C10H10O4
SMILES COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)O)O
Carbon Number 10
Molecular Weight 194.18
Polymer Type monomer
Synonyms Ferulate
trans-ferulic acid
trans-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
(E)-Ferulic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamic acid
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propenoic acid
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid

Chemical Structure

Chemical structure of ferulic acid

Structure from PubChem

External Databases

CAS 1135-24-6
PubChem 445858
KEGG C01494
ChEBI 17620
Empirical Data

Organisms that can utilize this substrate (47) Empirical

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Organism ▲ ▼ Strain ▲ ▼ Reference ▲ ▼ Comment ▲ ▼
Fusarium oxysporum 4287 Michielse et al (2012) -
Amycolatopsis sp. 75iv2 (ATCC 39116) Davis et al (2012), Fleige et al (2013), Sutherland et al (1983) -
Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 Salvachúa et al (2015), Fischer et al (2008) -
Pseudomonas fluorescens AN103 Narbad et al (1998) -
Paraburkholderia aromaticivorans AR20-38 Margesin et al (2021) -
Comamonas sp. B-9 (CGMCC No. 4251) Chen et al (2012) -
Exophiala jeanselmei CBS 658.76 Middelhoven (1993) -
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CBS17 Sampaio (1999) -
Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA001 Harwood et al (1988), Harwood et al (1988) -
Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 Salmon et al (2013) -
Rhodosporidiobolus colostri DBVPG 10655 Margesin et al (2022) -
Enterobacter sp. DG-6 Grbić-Galić (1985) (anaerobically)
Thermomonospora mesophila DSM 43048 McCarthy et al (1984) -
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus DSM 586 Delneri et al (1995) -
Pseudomonas putida F1 Hirose et al (2013) -
Sphingomonas aromaticivorans F199 Cecil et al (2018) -
Leucosporidium scottii G43 Middelhoven (1993) -
Pseudomonas sp. HR199 Overhage et al (1999) -
Rhodotorula rubra IFO 889 Huang et al (1993) -
Rhodosporidium toruloides IFO0880 Yaegashi et al (2017) -
Rhodotorula vanillica IGC 4506 Sampaio (1995) -
Microbulbifer hydrolyticus IRE-31 GONZaLEZ et al (1997) -
Pseudomonas sp. Isolate 9.1 Ravi et al (2018) -
Oceanimonas doudoroffii JCM21046T Numata et al (2015) -
Cupriavidus necator JMP134 Pérez-Pantoja et al (2008) -
Pseudomonas sp. KF704 Hirose et al (2013) -
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Salvachúa et al (2015), Ravi et al (2017) -
Marinobacterium georgiense KW-40 GONZaLEZ et al (1997) -
Aeromonas sp. L17 Deschamps et al (1980) -
Enterobacter aerogenes L7 Deschamps et al (1980) -
Fusarium oxysporum MUCL 30736 Falcón et al (1995) -
Penicillium chrysogenum MUCL 31363 Rodríguez et al (1994), Falcón et al (1995) -
Pestalotia oxyanthi MUCL 35070 Falcón et al (1995) -
Fusarium solani MUCL 35071 Falcón et al (1995) -
Azotobacter vinelandii NBRC13581 Hirose et al (2013) -
Flavobacterium lutescens NBRC3084 Hirose et al (2013) -
Brettanomyces anomalus NCYC 615 Edlin et al (1995) -
Acetobacterium woodii NZva16 Bache et al (1981) (anaerobically)
Pseudomonas putida Perestelo isolate 3 Perestelo et al (1996) -
Desulfobacterium phenolicum Ph01 Bak et al (1986) (anaerobically)
Rhodotorula sp. R2 Hainal et al (2012) -
Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 Sainsbury et al (2013) -
Clostridium methoxybenzovorans SR3 Mechichi et al (2005), Mechichi et al (2005) (anaerobically)
(anaerobically)
Sphingobium sp. SYK-6 Masai et al (2002) -
Holophaga foetida TMBS4 Bak et al (1993) (anaerobically)
Pseudomonas mira V2 Jurková et al (1993) -
Rhizobium sp. YS-1r Jackson et al (2017) -

Pathways Empirical

Pathway Name Full Name
ferulic acid ferulic acid
coniferyl alcohol coniferyl alcohol
Predicted Relationships Hide predicted
The sections below contain relationships inferred from the empirical data above. They are computationally predicted and have not been independently verified. Learn more about data assumptions →
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Organisms predicted to process ferulic acid through a pathway Predicted

For each pathway where ferulic acid enters as a reactant, organisms recorded as being able to utilise it but not yet confirmed for that pathway are listed as predicted. Not experimentally verified. What does this mean?

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Organism Strain Inferred via pathway Reference confirming ferulic acid utilization
Acetobacterium woodii NZva16 ferulic acid Bache et al (1981)
Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 ferulic acid Salvachúa et al (2015), Fischer et al (2008)
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus DSM 586 ferulic acid Delneri et al (1995)
Aeromonas sp. L17 ferulic acid Deschamps et al (1980)
Azotobacter vinelandii NBRC13581 ferulic acid Hirose et al (2013)
Brettanomyces anomalus NCYC 615 ferulic acid Edlin et al (1995)
Clostridium methoxybenzovorans SR3 ferulic acid Mechichi et al (2005)
Comamonas sp. B-9 (CGMCC No. 4251) ferulic acid Chen et al (2012)
Cupriavidus necator JMP134 ferulic acid Pérez-Pantoja et al (2008)
Desulfobacterium phenolicum Ph01 ferulic acid Bak et al (1986)
Enterobacter aerogenes L7 ferulic acid Deschamps et al (1980)
Enterobacter sp. DG-6 ferulic acid Grbić-Galić (1985)
Exophiala jeanselmei CBS 658.76 ferulic acid Middelhoven (1993)
Flavobacterium lutescens NBRC3084 ferulic acid Hirose et al (2013)
Fusarium oxysporum 4287 ferulic acid Michielse et al (2012)
Fusarium oxysporum MUCL 30736 ferulic acid Falcón et al (1995)
Fusarium solani MUCL 35071 ferulic acid Falcón et al (1995)
Holophaga foetida TMBS4 ferulic acid Bak et al (1993)
Leucosporidium scottii G43 ferulic acid Middelhoven (1993)
Marinobacterium georgiense KW-40 ferulic acid GONZaLEZ et al (1997)
Microbulbifer hydrolyticus IRE-31 ferulic acid GONZaLEZ et al (1997)
Oceanimonas doudoroffii JCM21046T ferulic acid Numata et al (2015)
Paraburkholderia aromaticivorans AR20-38 ferulic acid Margesin et al (2021)
Penicillium chrysogenum MUCL 31363 ferulic acid Rodríguez et al (1994), Falcón et al (1995)
Pestalotia oxyanthi MUCL 35070 ferulic acid Falcón et al (1995)
Pseudomonas fluorescens AN103 ferulic acid Narbad et al (1998)
Pseudomonas mira V2 ferulic acid Jurková et al (1993)
Pseudomonas putida F1 ferulic acid Hirose et al (2013)
Pseudomonas putida Perestelo isolate 3 ferulic acid Perestelo et al (1996)
Pseudomonas sp. HR199 ferulic acid Overhage et al (1999)
Pseudomonas sp. Isolate 9.1 ferulic acid Ravi et al (2018)
Pseudomonas sp. KF704 ferulic acid Hirose et al (2013)
Rhizobium sp. YS-1r ferulic acid Jackson et al (2017)
Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 ferulic acid Sainsbury et al (2013)
Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA001 ferulic acid Harwood et al (1988)
Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 ferulic acid Salmon et al (2013)
Rhodosporidiobolus colostri DBVPG 10655 ferulic acid Margesin et al (2022)
Rhodosporidium toruloides IFO0880 ferulic acid Yaegashi et al (2017)
Rhodotorula sp. R2 ferulic acid Hainal et al (2012)
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CBS17 ferulic acid Sampaio (1999)
Rhodotorula vanillica IGC 4506 ferulic acid Sampaio (1995)
Sphingomonas aromaticivorans F199 ferulic acid Cecil et al (2018)
Thermomonospora mesophila DSM 43048 ferulic acid McCarthy et al (1984)

Reactions involving ferulic acid

Reaction Role in Reaction
Ferulic acid + ATP + coenzyme A → Feruloyl-CoA + AMP + PPi substrate
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD(P)+ → ferulic acid + NAD(P)H + 2 H+ product

Transporters

No transporters are currently linked to this substrate.

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